Client Communication and Plain Language
Write clear client letters, translate legal complexity into plain language, and manage client expectations with AI.
Premium Course Content
This lesson is part of a premium course. Upgrade to Pro to unlock all premium courses and content.
- Access all premium courses
- 1000+ AI skills included
- New content added weekly
The Translation Problem
In the previous lesson, we explored case analysis and precedent research. Now let’s build on that foundation. A general counsel at a mid-size company once told me: “I love my outside counsel, but every time I get a memo, I have to spend 30 minutes translating it into something I can share with my CEO. If they could just write it in plain English the first time, it would save everyone hours.”
This is the legal profession’s communication gap. Lawyers are trained to be precise, which is essential. But precision and clarity aren’t opposites. You can be both precise and understandable—it just requires a different kind of drafting.
AI bridges this gap efficiently. It can translate between “lawyer” and “human” while you ensure the translation remains accurate.
The Plain Language Framework
Legal Concept Translation
Translate this legal concept into plain language:
LEGAL CONCEPT: [The concept or term]
CONTEXT: [How it applies to this client's situation]
AUDIENCE: [Business executive / Individual / Non-legal professional]
ACCURACY REQUIREMENT: Must remain legally precise
Provide:
1. Plain language explanation (2-3 sentences)
2. A concrete analogy or example
3. Why it matters for the client specifically
4. Any important caveats or nuances that must be preserved
Example:
Legal concept: “The court may pierce the corporate veil based on the alter ego doctrine.”
Plain language: “Normally, a corporation is treated as its own legal entity, separate from its owners. But if a court finds that the owners treated the company as their personal piggy bank—mixing personal and business funds, ignoring corporate formalities, or using the company to commit fraud—the court can hold the owners personally liable for the company’s debts. This is called ‘piercing the corporate veil,’ and it means your personal assets could be at risk.”
Notice: the plain language version is longer, but it’s dramatically clearer. And it’s still legally accurate.
Document-Level Translation
Translate this legal document into a client-friendly summary:
DOCUMENT: [Paste legal document or section]
CLIENT: [Anonymized description—business or individual]
PURPOSE: [Why the client needs to understand this]
Create a summary that:
1. Explains what the document does in plain language
2. Highlights the key rights and obligations
3. Flags anything the client should be concerned about
4. Identifies decisions the client needs to make
5. Uses concrete language, not legal abstractions
Preserve all legal accuracy. If something can't be
simplified without losing precision, explain the concept
rather than oversimplifying it.
Quick check: Take the last client letter you sent. Would a non-lawyer understand every paragraph on first reading? If not, AI can help bridge that gap.
Client Letter Templates
The Status Update
Draft a client status update:
MATTER: [Anonymized description]
RECIPIENT: [Client contact and their role]
KEY UPDATE: [What happened or changed]
IMPACT: [What it means for the client]
NEXT STEPS: [What happens next and any client action needed]
TIMELINE: [Expected dates/milestones]
Structure as:
1. Bottom line (the key update in 1-2 sentences)
2. Context (brief background for this update)
3. What this means for you (client impact)
4. Next steps (what we're doing and what you need to do)
5. Timeline (when to expect the next development)
Tone: clear, confident, professional.
Avoid legal jargon unless defined in context.
The Options Letter
When the client needs to make a decision:
Draft a client advisory letter presenting options:
SITUATION: [Brief description of the legal issue]
CLIENT: [Anonymized description]
OPTIONS:
Option A: [Description, pros, cons, estimated cost/risk]
Option B: [Description, pros, cons, estimated cost/risk]
Option C: [Description, pros, cons, estimated cost/risk]
RECOMMENDATION: [Which option you recommend and why]
Structure as:
1. The situation (2-3 sentences in plain language)
2. Your options (presented clearly with pros and cons)
3. Our recommendation (with reasoning)
4. What we need from you (decision and any information)
5. Timeline (when a decision is needed)
Include a clear comparison format (table or structured list)
so the client can evaluate options at a glance.
The Risk Assessment
Draft a client letter about legal risks:
MATTER: [Description]
RISKS IDENTIFIED:
- Risk 1: [Description, likelihood, potential impact]
- Risk 2: [Description, likelihood, potential impact]
- Risk 3: [Description, likelihood, potential impact]
MITIGATION STRATEGIES:
- For Risk 1: [What can be done]
- For Risk 2: [What can be done]
- For Risk 3: [What can be done]
Explain risks in concrete terms the client understands.
Avoid legal probability language ("may," "could potentially")
where you can be more definitive.
Use a risk matrix or visual format if appropriate.
The Bad News Letter
Communicating unfavorable developments:
Draft a client letter about an unfavorable development:
DEVELOPMENT: [What happened]
IMPACT ON CLIENT: [How it affects their matter]
WHY IT HAPPENED: [Brief explanation]
WHAT WE'RE DOING: [Our response/strategy]
OPTIONS GOING FORWARD: [Client's choices]
Tone: honest, empathetic, forward-looking.
Don't sugarcoat the news, but focus on the path forward.
Acknowledge the disappointment while maintaining confidence.
Managing Client Expectations
Engagement Letters
Draft an engagement letter:
FIRM: [Your firm]
CLIENT: [Anonymized]
SCOPE: [What you're being retained to do]
FEES: [Fee structure—hourly, flat, contingency]
EXCLUSIONS: [What's NOT included in the scope]
TIMELINE: [Expected duration]
The letter should:
- Clearly define scope (so the client knows exactly
what they're getting)
- Explain the fee structure in plain language
- Set realistic expectations about timeline
- Describe communication protocols
(how often you'll update, preferred contact method)
- Include clear termination provisions
Setting Timeline Expectations
Draft a timeline communication for a client:
MATTER TYPE: [Type of legal matter]
CURRENT STAGE: [Where we are now]
ESTIMATED MILESTONES:
- Milestone 1: [Description, estimated date]
- Milestone 2: [Description, estimated date]
- Milestone 3: [Description, estimated date]
VARIABLES: [What could speed up or slow down the timeline]
Present this as a realistic roadmap, not a guaranteed schedule.
Include appropriate caveats about factors outside our control
(court schedules, opposing party, regulatory review).
Difficult Client Conversations
When the Client Disagrees with Your Advice
Draft a response to a client who disagrees with my recommendation:
CLIENT'S POSITION: [What they want to do]
MY RECOMMENDATION: [What I've advised]
REASON FOR DISAGREEMENT: [Why they don't want to follow advice]
RISKS OF THEIR PREFERRED APPROACH: [What could go wrong]
The response should:
1. Acknowledge their perspective respectfully
2. Reiterate the risks clearly and specifically
3. Explain why my recommendation serves their interests
4. If they insist, document the advice given and their decision
5. Confirm you'll support their decision while on record
with your professional opinion
When Costs Exceed Expectations
Draft a communication about fees exceeding the initial estimate:
ORIGINAL ESTIMATE: [Amount or range]
CURRENT FEES: [Amount]
REASON FOR INCREASE: [What changed—scope, complexity, opposition]
PROJECTED ADDITIONAL FEES: [What's left]
OPTIONS TO MANAGE COSTS: [If any]
Be direct and transparent. Explain specifically what
caused the increase. Don't be defensive—just factual.
If possible, offer options to reduce costs going forward.
Building Your Communication Templates
CLIENT COMMUNICATION LIBRARY
├── Updates
│ ├── Status update (routine)
│ ├── Milestone reached
│ ├── Unfavorable development
│ └── Matter concluded
├── Advisory
│ ├── Options letter
│ ├── Risk assessment
│ ├── Compliance advisory
│ └── Strategic recommendation
├── Administrative
│ ├── Engagement letter
│ ├── Fee estimate
│ ├── Timeline update
│ └── Scope change notice
└── Difficult Conversations
├── Bad news delivery
├── Cost overrun explanation
├── Disagreement with client's approach
└── Matter complexity increase
Exercise: Translate and Communicate
- Take a recent legal memo and translate it into a client-friendly summary
- Draft a status update for an active client matter
- Create an options letter for a decision a client needs to make
- Write a risk assessment in plain language
- Compare the time spent to your typical client communication drafting
Key Takeaways
- Plain language and legal precision aren’t opposites—you can be both clear and accurate
- Bottom-line-first structure works best: what happened, what it means, what to do next
- Always preserve legal accuracy when simplifying—oversimplification creates liability
- Build templates for recurring communication types (updates, options, risk assessments)
- Difficult conversations benefit most from AI drafting—it helps you find the right words under pressure
- Good client communication reduces confusion, builds trust, and ultimately prevents disputes
Next: compliance checks, due diligence, and building systematic legal workflows.
Up next: In the next lesson, we’ll dive into Compliance, Due Diligence, and Workflows.
Knowledge Check
Complete the quiz above first
Lesson completed!